Digestive System: Structure and Functions








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The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract and digestive glands. It includes organs like the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anal canal. Digestive glands such as salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and glands of the GIT produce digestive enzymes. The functions of the GIT include digestion, secretion of digestive juices, absorption, excretion, and motility. The structure of the GIT wall comprises mucosa, submucosa, musculosa, and serosa. The enteric nervous system, made up of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, controls motor functions.